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This is a comprehensive guide for Class 10 English students studying Robert Frost’s poem “Fire and Ice” from the 2024 NCERT syllabus. It offers an in-depth analysis of the poem’s themes, symbolism, and interpretations, aiming to enhance comprehension and critical thinking skills, making the study of the poem both enriching and engaging.
CBSE Class 10 English (Literature and Language) Questions Answers pdf 2024
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Title Significance: The title “Fire and Ice” symbolizes the contrasting elements of desire/passion (fire) and hatred/destruction (ice).
Two Perspectives on Apocalypse: The poem explores differing opinions on how the world might end, with some believing in fire and others in ice.
Fire Symbolism: Fire represents intense passion, desire, or a fiery end, signifying how uncontrolled emotions can lead to destruction.
Ice Symbolism: Ice symbolizes hatred, coldness, or a frigid end, suggesting how the absence of warmth or empathy can bring about ruin.
Destruction through Emotions: The poem delves into human emotions (desire and hatred) as potential catalysts for the world’s demise.
Compact Structure: The poem is concise, comprising only nine lines in a simple and direct manner.
Rhyme Scheme: The poem follows an ABA ABC BCB rhyme scheme, contributing to its musicality and memorability.
Lack of Redemption: There is no mention of hope or redemption, emphasizing the fatalistic nature of the poem’s theme.
Universal Relevance: Frost’s exploration of destructive emotions has universal implications beyond personal or specific contexts, making it relatable to diverse audiences.
Provocative Questioning: The poem prompts readers to contemplate the significance of human emotions and their potential consequences, leaving a lingering question about the nature of humanity and its capacity for self-destruction.
शीर्षक महत्व: शीर्षक “आग और बर्फ” इच्छा/जुनून (आग) और घृणा/विनाश (बर्फ) के विपरीत तत्वों का प्रतीक है।
सर्वनाश पर दो परिप्रेक्ष्य: कविता इस बात पर अलग-अलग राय पेश करती है कि दुनिया कैसे खत्म हो सकती है, कुछ आग में विश्वास करते हैं और कुछ बर्फ में।
आग का प्रतीकवाद: आग तीव्र जुनून, इच्छा या उग्र अंत का प्रतिनिधित्व करती है, यह दर्शाती है कि कैसे अनियंत्रित भावनाएं विनाश का कारण बन सकती हैं।
बर्फ का प्रतीकवाद: बर्फ घृणा, शीतलता या ठंडे अंत का प्रतीक है, जो बताता है कि कैसे गर्मजोशी या सहानुभूति की अनुपस्थिति बर्बादी ला सकती है।
भावनाओं के माध्यम से विनाश: कविता दुनिया के विनाश के लिए संभावित उत्प्रेरक के रूप में मानवीय भावनाओं (इच्छा और घृणा) पर प्रकाश डालती है।
संक्षिप्त संरचना: कविता संक्षिप्त है, जिसमें सरल और प्रत्यक्ष तरीके से केवल नौ पंक्तियाँ शामिल हैं।
कविता योजना: कविता एबीए एबीसी बीसीबी कविता योजना का अनुसरण करती है, जो इसकी संगीतमयता और यादगारता में योगदान करती है।
मुक्ति का अभाव: कविता के विषय की भाग्यवादी प्रकृति पर जोर देते हुए, आशा या मुक्ति का कोई उल्लेख नहीं है।
सार्वभौमिक प्रासंगिकता: फ्रॉस्ट की विनाशकारी भावनाओं की खोज में व्यक्तिगत या विशिष्ट संदर्भों से परे सार्वभौमिक निहितार्थ हैं, जो इसे विविध दर्शकों के लिए प्रासंगिक बनाता है।
उत्तेजक प्रश्न: कविता पाठकों को मानवीय भावनाओं के महत्व और उनके संभावित परिणामों पर विचार करने के लिए प्रेरित करती है, जिससे मानवता की प्रकृति और आत्म-विनाश की क्षमता के बारे में एक प्रश्न रह जाता है।
The theme of “in “Fire and Ice” by Robert Frost.
The primary theme of Robert Frost’s “Fire and Ice” revolves around the destructive potential of human emotions, specifically desire (fire) and hatred (ice). The poem examines these intense emotions as forces that could lead to the end of the world. Through the symbols of fire and ice, Frost explores the profound impact of unchecked passion and animosity on humanity and the planet.
The theme delves into the dangers posed by extreme emotions, highlighting how uncontrolled desire or fervent passions can lead to chaos and destruction, much like fire consuming everything in its path. Similarly, the poem suggests that the coldness of hatred, likened to ice, has its own destructive power, freezing connections and leading to apathy or conflict that could potentially result in devastation.
Overall, “Fire and Ice” serves as a contemplation on the consequences of human emotions and behaviors, warning about the potentially catastrophic outcomes if these emotions are not tempered or controlled, resonating with the broader theme of humanity’s capacity for self-destructive tendencies.
Translation
रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्ट की “फायर एंड आइस” का प्राथमिक विषय मानवीय भावनाओं, विशेष रूप से इच्छा (आग) और घृणा (बर्फ) की विनाशकारी क्षमता के इर्द-गिर्द घूमता है। कविता इन तीव्र भावनाओं को उन शक्तियों के रूप में जांचती है जो दुनिया के अंत की ओर ले जा सकती हैं। आग और बर्फ के प्रतीकों के माध्यम से, फ्रॉस्ट मानवता और ग्रह पर अनियंत्रित जुनून और दुश्मनी के गहरे प्रभाव का पता लगाता है।
विषय अत्यधिक भावनाओं से उत्पन्न खतरों पर प्रकाश डालता है, इस बात पर प्रकाश डालता है कि कैसे अनियंत्रित इच्छा या उत्कट जुनून अराजकता और विनाश का कारण बन सकता है, जैसे आग अपने रास्ते में आने वाली हर चीज को भस्म कर देती है। इसी तरह, कविता बताती है कि बर्फ की तुलना में नफरत की ठंडक की अपनी विनाशकारी शक्ति होती है, कनेक्शन को ठंडा कर देती है और उदासीनता या संघर्ष की ओर ले जाती है जिसके परिणामस्वरूप संभावित रूप से तबाही हो सकती है।
कुल मिलाकर, “आग और बर्फ” मानवीय भावनाओं और व्यवहारों के परिणामों पर एक चिंतन के रूप में कार्य करता है, जो संभावित विनाशकारी परिणामों के बारे में चेतावनी देता है यदि इन भावनाओं को संयमित या नियंत्रित नहीं किया जाता है, जो आत्म-विनाशकारी प्रवृत्तियों के लिए मानवता की क्षमता के व्यापक विषय के साथ प्रतिध्वनित होता है।
Poetic Devices Used in the Poem
Alliteration
Repetition of initial consonant sounds in the same line.
.Some say the world will end in fire
.Some say in ice.
. I hold with those who favour fire
Paradox
A true statement but which seems untrue.
. But if it had to perish twice.
Symbolism
Fire-a symbol for desire
• Ice-a symbol for hate
Imagery
A figure of speech where an object, person or situation has another meaning other than its literal meaning.
Fire and ice carry deep connotations.
Fire elicits the feeling of heat and light, but also burning and pain.
Ice elicits the feeling of coldness, but also indifference and intolerance.
Rhyme Scheme
abaabcbcb
Multiple Choice Questions based on Extract
Fire and Ice Class 10 Questions Answers Extract Based 1
Read the following extracts carefully and choose the correct option.
Some say the world will end in fire,
Some say in ice.
From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favor fire.
But if it had to perish twice,
I think I know enough of hate
To say that for destruction ice
Is also great
And would suffice.
i. Choose the CORRECT statement about the given poem.
a) Fire and ice are images—they help the readers visualise the power of nature over man.
b) Fire and ice are symbols—not of natural disasters, but of humanity’s ability to create disasters of its own.
c) Fire and ice are elements—not of Nature but man-made and possess the ability to create havoc for mankind.
d) Fire and ice are agents—they change the thinking of mankind from negative to positive and bring harmony.
Ans: b) Fire and ice are symbols—not of natural disasters, but of humanity’s ability to create disasters of its own.
ii Select the option that correctly classifies the connotations for fire and ice, as suggested in the poem.
(1) rage (2) violence (3) indifference (4) hate (5) greed
a) Fire- 3,4; Ice- 1,2,5
b) Fire- 2, 5; Ice-1,3,4
c) Fire-1,3,5; Ice- 2, 4
d) Fire- 1,2,4; Ice- 3,5
Ans: d) Fire- 1,2,4; Ice- 3,5
iii The poem is a _________, put across by the poet.
a) powerful warning
b) heart-felt apology
c) earnest appeal
d) vengeful threat 10
Ans: a) powerful warning
iv The poet uses the phrasal verb -hold with. Choose the option that DOES NOT indicate a valid phrasal verb.
a) option 1
b) option 2
c) option 3
d) option 4
Ans: d) option 4
v Pick the option that is NOT TRUE about the poet according to the extract.
The poet
a) is inclined to believe that the world would most likely end with fire.
b) has heard divided opinions about the way the world would end in all likelihood.
c) preaches love and kindness to combat the spread of hate among all.
d) declares the power of ice to be as destructive as that of fire.
Ans: c) preaches love and kindness to combat the spread of hate among all.
vi Extra Q: Identify the most likely tone of the poet in the lines- ‘To say that for destruction ice/Is also great’.
a) sarcastic
b) serious
c) amused
d) celebratory
Ans: a) sarcastic
Fire and Ice Class 10 Questions Answers Extract Based 2
Read the following extracts carefully and choose the correct option.
(B) Some say the world will end in fire
Some say in ice.
From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favour fire.
(i) What can be the cause of world’s destruction as per these lines?
(a) Fire
(b) Ice
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Ans: (i) (c) Both (a) and (b)
(ii) According to the poet fire refers to
(a) violent desires
(b) passions
(c) jealousy
(d) All of these
Ans: (ii) (d) All of these
(iii) What does ice symbolise?
(a) Indifference
(b) Love
(c) Sympathy
(d) Passions
Ans: (iii) (a) Indifference
(iv) What message does the poet want to convey through this poem?
Q.10 Fire and Ice Class 10 Questions Answers in 20-30 words
i “Fire and Ice” was first published in 1920. Briefly explain how the WW I might have influenced the theme of the poem.
Ans: World War I likely influenced Robert Frost’s 1920 novel “Fire and Ice,” which explored the darker aspects of human nature through fire and ice metaphors. The novel symbolizes desire and hatred, symbolizing destructive forces within humanity. The war’s horrors likely prompted Frost to reflect on the consequences of unchecked desires and animosities, reflecting post-war introspection on the destructive nature of human impulses.
ii Create a tag line / slogan / catchphrase for the poem
Ans: “Fire and Ice: Unveiling Humanity’s Destructive Depths”
iii.Briefly write about the ideas about how the world will end. CBSE 2016
Ans: The world will end as a direct result of either fire or ice. Some scientists believed that the world would be incinerated (destroyed) from its fiery core, while others were convinced that the coming ice age would destroy all living things on the Earth’s surface. Frost introduces a more emotional side, associating desire with fire and hatred with ice.
iv. To say that for destruction ice is also great for the poet, what does ‘ice’ stand for? How is it sufficient to bring destruction?CBSE 2014
Ans. Ice symbolises hatred and indifference. While desire consumes, hatred can linger (stay) in
one’s mind and heart for a long time leads to fury and cruelty. One becomes hard hearted and
insensitive to the feelings of others. This insensiterity and hatred, slowly and gradually leads to the destruction of the world.
v. ‘But if it had to perish twice’. How will the world perish twice?
Ans: According to the poet, the world would definitely come to an end due to fire. But, he
states that if the world could end two times, then ice would also be a great cause. Ice is symbolic of hatred. The poet feels that there is enough hatred in the world that is sufficient to
destroy the world.
vi. Which age old question does the poem revolves around? CBSE 2013
Ans. The poem revolves around the age old question of whether the world will end in fire or in ice. This is similar to another age old question, whether it would be preferable to freeze to death or burn to death. The poet determines that either option would achieve its purpose sufficiently well.
Q11 Fire and Ice Class 10 Questions Answers in 40-50 words
i The tone of the speaker contrasts with the seriousness of the subject matter. Justify.
Ans: In Robert Frost’s “Fire and Ice,” the speaker’s casual tone contrasts with the gravity of the poem’s subject matter, the potential end of the world due to human emotions like desire and hatred. This contrast highlights the irony and complexity of the situation, forcing readers to contemplate the profoundness of human emotions and their potential consequences.
ii Fire and Ice projects a pessimistic outlook. Comment.
Ans: “Fire and Ice” by Robert Frost is a pessimistic poem that explores the destructive human emotions of desire and hatred, highlighting their potential to cause the world’s demise. The poem’s brevity and directness contribute to its pessimistic tone, leaving readers with a sense of the ominous nature of human folly, without offering hope or redemption.
iii Evaluate the line- Some say the world will end in fire/Some say in ice- in the context of volcanic eruptions, forest fires, meteor collisions, melting ice caps etc.
Ans: Robert Frost’s “Fire and Ice” line highlights the potential for catastrophic endings in natural calamities like volcanic eruptions, forest fires, meteor collisions, and melting ice caps. These events symbolize the destructive potential of fire and the potential for catastrophic consequences. The juxtaposition of fire and ice in these situations reflects the immense power of elemental forces and their potential for causing catastrophic outcomes.
iv. How has Frost brought out the contrasting ideas in the poem?
Ans: The poet has contrasted fire with ice. Fire is symbolic of man’s desires, greed and lust. When a man wants to go after his desires caring about nothing else, world can be destroyed by this fire of desires. On the other hand ice is symbolic of man’s indifference and hatred or insensitivity. These feelings also give rise to conflicts and stop us from being kind to others.
v. Write down the two different views about the end of the world. CBSE 2012
Ans. There are two different views about the end of the world. Some people believe that the world will end with fire. Fire here represents one’s passions and desires. In contrast to fire, some people believe that ice can also be a great cause for the end of the world, Ice here represents hatred and insensitivity.
vi. How does Robert Frost caution the common man?
Ans. Robert Frost cautions the common man and says that he should not forget the bitter reality that everything in this world is transitory and death is inevitable (can not be stopped). So man should avoid being too desirous or too indifferent.
Fire and Ice Class 10 Questions Answers in 100-120 words
i Imagine that Nelson Mandela read ‘Fire and Ice’.
As Mandela, write a diary entry associating the impact of the troubled history of South Africa with the idea expressed in the poem.
You may begin like this: 12
10 May 1994, Tuesday 10 p.m. Today, when I am the President of South Africa, I can’t help recalling Robert Frost’s ‘Fire and Ice’…………………(continue)………………….
ii Most of your classmates, like Frost, feel that man’s greed and rage or hate, would lead the world to its destruction. You feel that the ‘fire and ice’ in Mankind can be addressed to create a harmonious world. Write a speech, for your classmates, expressing your belief/s with respect to the poem.
iii.Discuss how extreme behaviour can hasten the end of the world with respect to ‘Fire and Ice’. CBSE 2013
Ans: In the poem, ‘Fire and Ice’ the poet highlights that extreme behaviours can lead to the end of the world. The poet points out the two different views regarding the end of the world and associates the extreme behaviours to it.
The first view is fire which symbolises deep emotions of desire, passion, etc. Desire according to the poet can become so intense that it can make people lose their calmness. Fire of desires if left uncontrolled can lead to the destruction of humanity as well as the world. The other view is ice which represents hatred, differentiation and insensitivity. Hatred, rigidity and icy reasoning give rise to contempt. It can end all positive human emotions such as human warmth, love, sympathy, kindness and consideration for others. This type of behaviour will only bring death to this world.
iv.How will the world end? Support your answer with scientific explanation. CBSE 2014
Ans. According to the scientists, the two reasons for the destruction of the world will be either fiery fire or the ice age. Some scientists believed that the world would be incinerated (destroyed) from its fiery core, while others were convinced that a coming ice age would destroy all living things on the earth’s surface.
In other words, either the deep heat or fire under the earth beds will lead to natural calamities like volcano eruptions, earthquakes and tsunamis which will one day end the world, or the melting of ice from the snowy mountains due to global warming will shrink the world. As a result, one day the entire world will die of the icy water.
Frost, thus, tries to warn people against the two greatest problems being faced by humanity and the consequences of human vices with an increased effectiveness.
