Join into simple sentences with Participles Infinitives Gerunds

Join into simple sentences is a part of English Grammar under the Do as Directed section as Transformation of Sentences in English Exams. Explore how to join into simple sentences with, Participles Infinitives and Gerunds a worksheet for practice through the below examples with practice worksheet.

Joining of Simple Sentences

Join into simple sentences means combining two or more Simple Sentences into a Single Simple Sente. Joining of simple sentences can be done using –

• Participle
• Infinitive 
• Gerund 
• Adverbial Phrase
• Absolute Phrase
• Phrase in Apposition 

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Join into simple sentences with participle

Participle joins two or more simple sentences into a single simple sentence.

Participles are forms of verbs that do the work of both an Adjective and a Verb.

Participles are Three Kinds as far as English Grammar is concerned.

Present Participle: 

It expresses an action that is going on or completed. It is active in meaning. 

Structure:

Verb + ing = does the work of an Adjective. I

Example: A burning house = A house that is burning.

Past Participle:

It expresses a completed action. It has a passive force implied in it.

Structure:

Verb + ed  / d  / t   / en  / n = does the work of an Adjective.

Example: A burnt house = A house that has been burnt.

Perfect Participle: 

It is used to express an action completed at some past time or an interval between two actions of the past or the first action of the two actions covered a period of time.

Structure:

• Having + Past Participle.
• Having + done,
• Having + been.

Examples: Having done his homework, he returned home.

The process to join into simple sentences with participle

Find out the separate Finite verbs of the sentences given.

Convert any one Finite Verb of the two sentences.

Non-finite Verbs can be made using Participles. 

Example: 

Question: The boy was tired. He slept under the tree.

Answer: Being tired, the boy slept under a tree.

Explanation: “Was” is the Finite Verb of the Sentence “The boy was tired.” “Was” is turned into a Non-finite Verb (“Being”) using Participle ( V + Ing ). Using “Being” instead of “Was”, the Sentence, “The boy was tired.” gets shortened and turned into a phrase and this helps to join two or more simple sentences into a single simple sentence.

Join into simple sentences with Participle Questions and Answers

Join the following simple sentences into a single Simple sentence using Participle

Question: She saw a snake. She fled.
Answer: Seeing a snake she fled.

Question: The Giant saw the children. They were playing in his garden.
Answer: The Giant saw the children playing in his garden.

Question: The traveller was tired. He sat down under a shady tree.
Answer: Tired (or Being tired) the traveller sat down under a shady tree.

Question: We saw the deer. It was killed by a poacher.
Answer: We saw the deer killed by a poacher.

Question: He got into a bus. The bus was running.
Answer: He got into a running bus.

Question: He saw me come. He ran away.
Answer: Seeing me come, he ran away.

Question: He was tired. He rested for a while.
Answer:  Being tired, he rested for a while.

Question: The ancient Britons had long been disused to war. They were easily defeated by the Saxons.
Answer:  Having been long disused to war, the ancient Britons were easily defeated by the Saxons.

Question: The workmen saw the approach of a violent dust-storm. They took shelter in a hut.
Answer: Seeing the approach of a violent dust storm, the workmen took shelter in a hut.

Question: The hunter feared the lion. So, he climbed up a tree.
Answer:  Fearing the lion, the hunter climbed up a tree.

Join into simple sentences with Infinitive

An Infinitive is formed by adding “to” expressed or understood before a main Verb.

Infinitive structure: 

to + main verb. i.e = to go, to do, to eat etc.


Infinitive (To + Verb) is often called Verb Noun and it is used as a Non-finite Verb.

Example:

• Read to learn
• Eat to live.
• I saw him (to) go.

Basically, Infinitives are two types:

• Simple or Noun-Infinitive 
• Gerundial Infinitive

Simple or Noun-Infinitive 

The Simple or Noun-Infinitive is used

(i) As the subject of a verb: 

Example:

• To err is human.
• To tell a story is not an easy task.

(ii) As the object of a verb: 

Example:

• He likes to swim.
• I taught him to read.

(iii) As the complement of a verb: 

Example:

• He seems to be rich.
• I ordered him to be punished

(iv) As the object of the prepositions about, but, except, and also of the used as a preposition: 

Example:

• He is about to die.
• I cannot but (to) go there.
• He did nothing else than or except (to) laugh (Nesfield).

(v) Absolutely, in Exclamation or Interrogation: 

Example:

• To think that he would do so!
• And now what to do?

Gerundial Infinitive

The Gerundial Infinitive is used to express purpose, cause, condition, or results.

(i) Adverbially to a verb : 

Example:

• He came to see me.
• It came to pass.
• We eat to love.

(ii) Adverbially to an adjective: 

Example:

• I am sorry to hear this.
• He is ready to go.
• I am anxious to learn.

(iii) Adjectivally to a noun :

Example:

• I have a house to let.
• Here is a chair to sit on.

(iv) Absolutely or parenthetically to a sentence :

Example:

• To all the truth, I do not trust him. 
• To be brief. I am ruined.

Join into simple sentences with Infinitive Questions and Answers

Join the following simple sentences into a single Simple sentence using Infinitive(To + Verb).

Question: He speaks the truth. He is not afraid of it.
Answer: He is not afraid to speak the truth.

Question: I have some duties. I must perform them.
Answer: I have some duties to perform.

Question: He is very fat. He cannot run.
Answer: He is too fat to run.

Question: Men cross deserts by camels. There is no other way.
Answer: The only way for men to cross deserts is by camels.

Question: He has many sons. He has to educate them.
Answer: He has many sons to educate.

Question: He is very weak. He cannot walk.
Answer: He is too weak to walk.

Question: Srila is going home. She is going there to see her mother.
Answer: Shrila is going home to see her mother.

Question: Everyone should be honest. Our country expects it.
Answer: Our country expects everyone to be honest.

Question: We shall remove the bench. That will make room for more people.
Answer: We shall remove the bench to make room for more people.

Question: I have bought some oranges. Their taste is sweet.
Answer: The oranges I have bought are sweet to taste.

Join into simple sentences with Gerund

When a Verb with “ing” does the work of a Noun, it will be Gerund.

Example:

• walk+ing=walking
• swim+ing=swimming

A Gerund is a noun-verbal and is used as the following:

(a) As the subject of a verb: 

Example:

• Walking is good exercise.
• Swimming is good for your health.

(b) As the object of a verb: 

Example:

• I learn drawing.  
• Stop playing.

(c) As the object of a preposition: 

Example:

• He is fond of riding.

(d) As a complement: 

• It is a capital saying.

(c) As part of the compound noun: 

Example:

• a sleeping room  
• drinking water   
• a walking stick
• laughing gas.

Join into simple sentences with Gerund Questions Answers

Join the following simple sentences into a single Simple sentence using Gerund or a Preposition with a Noun.

Question: The sun set. Their work was not completed.
Answer: The sun set before the completion of their work.

Question: He did not succeed. He had made every effort.
Answer: With all his efforts he did not succeed.

Question: He confessed his fault. He escaped punishment.
Answer: He escaped punishment by confessing his fault.

Question: He laboured hard. Still he did not succeed.
Answer: In spite of his hard labour, he did not succeed.

Question: He heard the news. He wept bitterly.
Answer: On hearing the news he wept bitterly.

Question: He gave me advice. He helped me with money.
Answer: Besides giving me advice he helped me with money.

Question: He is a teacher. He is a social worker
Answer: Besides being a teacher he is a social worker.

Question: He came. You had already left.
Answer: He came after your departure.

Question: He worked very hard. He did not sleep.
Answer: He worked very hard without sleeping.

Question: I helped him with money. This proved my love for him.
Answer: I proved my love for him by helping him with money.

Join into simple sentences with An Adverb or An Adverbial Phrase.

An Adverbial Phrase does the work of an Adverb

Example:

• He was at that place (=there).
• He worked with care (=carefully).
• He came at a great speed (=quickly).
• I want it at this moment (=now).
• You can get it in all places (=everywhere).
• He will come before very long or at an early date (=soon).

Join into simple sentences with An Adverb or An Adverbial Phrase Questions Answers

Join the following simple sentences into a single Simple sentence using An Adverb or An Adverbial Phrase.

Question: He spent all his money. This was foolish.
Answer: He foolishly spent all his money.

Question: The sun set. The traveller could not reach the inn.
Answer: The traveller could not reach the inn by sunset.

Question: He was ill. He could not attend school.
Answer: He could not attend school because of (or on account of or owing to his illness.

Question: He won the prize. He deserved it.
Answer: He won the prize deservedly.

Question: He failed. It was unfortunate.
Answer: Unfortunately, he failed.

Question: He returned home. It was evening at the time.
Answer: He returned home in the evening.

Question: He went there once more. His going did not produce any result.
Answer: He went there once more but with no result.

Question: The Germans were proud. This ruined them.
Answer: The Germans were ruined because of their pride.

Question: He was demoralised. His demoralisation was total.
Answer: He was totally demoralised.

Question: He has no patience. So, he failed.
Answer: He failed for want of patience.

Question: The letter came just then. It was most unexpected.
Answer: Most unexpectedly, the letter came just then.

Joining Sentences Using An Absolute Phrase

When the Participial Phrase i.e, the participle and the connected words together is independent of the rest of the sentence. This is an Absolute Phrase.

Example:

The sun having risen, the fog dispersed.

Join into simple sentences with Absolute Phrase Questions Answers

Join the following simple sentences into a single Simple sentence using An Absolute Phrase.

Question: The sun rose. The fog dispersed.
Answer: The sun having risen, the fog dispersed.

Question: The weather was fine. I went for a walk.
Answer: The weather being fine, I went for a walk.

Question: The work was done. We returned home.
Answer: The work having been done, we returned home.

Question: The sun set. We began our march.
Answer: The sun having set we began our march.

Question: The dinner was over. We left the place.
Answer: Dinner (being) over, we left the place.

Question: The match was over. They left for home.
Answer: The match (being) over they left for home.

Question: The sun rose. The fog disappeared. The General was determined to delay no longer. He gave order to soldiers to march forward.
Answer: The fog having disappeared at sunrise the General, determined not to delay any longer, gave order to soldiers to march forward.

Question: The teacher was absent. So, there was no English class today.
Answer: The teacher being absent there was no English class today.

Question: God may will. We shall then have a prosperous year.
Answer: God willing we shall have a prosperous year.

Question: Weather may permit. We shall have a big party outside.
Answer: Weather permitting we shall have a big party outside.

Joining Sentences using a Noun or a Phrase in Apposition

A noun is said to be in Apposition with another noun or pronoun when it refers to the same person or object.

When a Noun (or pronoun or any other noun-equivalent) follows another noun to describe it, the second Noun is in apposition to the first (noun).

Join into simple sentences with a Noun or a Phrase in Apposition

Join the following simple sentences into a single Simple sentence using a Noun or a Phrase in Apposition.

Question: Akbar was the Emperor of India. He was one of the greatest kings of his time.
Answer: Akbar, the Emperor of India, was one of the greatest kings of his time.

Question: Delhi was once the capital of India. It has regained the honour.
Answer: Delhi, once the capital of India, has regained the honour.

Question: Sunil Gavasker broke many records. He was the captain of the Indian Cricket team.
Answer: Sunil Gavasker, the former captain of the Indian Cricket team, broke many records.

Question: Gargi is my sister. She is now in England.
Answer: Gargi, my sister, is now in England.

Question: Mr Dutta is my neighbour. He is a Professor in Botany.
Answer: Mr Dutta, my neighbour, is a Professor in Botany.

Question: He lent the book to Mr. Ray. Mr. Ray was his next-door neighbour.
Answer: He lent the book to Mr. Ray, his next-door neighbour.

Question: This place is now a wild jungle. It was once a well-kept garden.
Answer: This place, once a well-kept garden, is now a wild jungle.

Question: He got plucked in the examination. This was very sad.
Answer: He got plucked in the examination,-a very sad thing.

Workout Examples of joining into a simple sentences

Join the following simple sentences into a single Simple sentence using Participle, Infinitive, Gerund, Absolute Phrase, Adverbial Phrase, or Noun in Apposition.

Workout Examples 1

(1) This was the question in the mind of the people. The people were morning.
Ans: This was surely the question in the mind of the people.

(2) The root is the source. It is white and wet.
Ans: The root, white and wet, is the source.

(3) A soldier is stretched in the heavy undergrowth. He is pale in his warm, green, sun-soaked bed.
Ans: A soldier pail in his green sun-soaked bed is stretched in the heavy undergrowth.

(4) Man and women were sad. They collected around Birla house.
Ans: Being sad, men and women collected around Birla house.

(5) People were stunned. They could not speak in the beginning.
Ans: The people were too stunned to speak in the beginning.

Workout Examples 2

(1) The sun shone brightly. Everything was glittering.
Ans: The sun shining brightly, everything was glittering.

(2) The ashes were emerged in the Ganges. Then the sunset.
Ans: The ashes were emerged in the Ganges by sunset.

(3) I am a man. Little do I last.
Ans: Being a man, little do I last.

(4) The waves are startled. They leap in fiery ringlets.
Ans: Being startled, the waves leap in fairy ringlets.

(5) Gandhiji is a great leader. He is known as the Father of the Nation.
Ans: Gandhiji, Father of the Nation, is a great leader.

Workout Examples 3

(1) It is a long winter evening. There shrills the cricket song from the stove.
Ans: on a long winter evening there shrills the cricket’s song from the stove.

(2) I was prepared to sit there for almost any length of time. I just wanted to listen to her talking.
Ans: Just wanting to listen to her talking I was prepared to sit there for almost any length of time.

(3) Bapu passed away. I felt the magic circle had vanished.
Ans: Bapu having passed away I felt the magic circle had vanished.

(4) An invisible worm entered the rose’s bed,destroyed the life of the rose.
Ans: Entering the rose’s bed, an invisible worm destroyed the life of the rose.

(5) Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry was the high priest of Rameswaram temple. He was a very close friend of my father’s.
Ans: Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the high priest of Rameswaram temple, was a very close friend of my father’s.

Workout Examples 4

(1) One of the most vivid memories of my early childhood is of the two men. Each of them were in traditional attire. They werediscussing spiritual matters.
Ans: One of the most vivid memories of my early childhood is of the two men, each of them were in traditional attire, discussing spiritual matters.

(2) I saw a snake. I ran away.
Ans: Seeing a snake, I ran away.

(3) He learns music. He listens to the chords.
Ans: He learns music by listening to the chords.

(4) Gold is a precious metal. It is used to make ornaments.
Ans: Gold, a useful metal, is used to make ornamenta.

(5) Rima completed her work. She went out.
Ans: Having completed her work, Rima went out.

Workout Examples 5

(1) Ramu has some money, He can buy books.
Ans: Ramu has some money to buy books.

(2) The boy wrote the answer. The answer was incorrect.
Ans: They boy wrote the answer in an incorrect way.

(3) The wind came up out of the sea. It asked the mists to make room.
Ans: Coming up out of the sea, the wind asked the mists to make room.

(4) The wind hurried landward. It asked all to
Ans: Hurrying landward, the wind asked all to wake up.

(5) It touched the wood-bird’s folded wing and asked it to sing.
Ans: Touching the wood-bird’s folded wing, it asked the bird to sing.

Worksheet of joining into a simple sentence

(1) The wind shouted through the belfry-tower. It asked the tower to ring its bell.
(2) The wind rushed to a chanticleer. It urged him to crow.
(3) There was a long pause. The boy’s mouth opened.
(4) This thought occurred to him. He had it proclaimed throughout his kingdom.
(5) She bent down enough. She intended to permit him to stop. She wanted him to pick up her purse.
(6) They were tired of the long journey. They went to a nearby hotel for rest.
(7) I was overwhelmed with joy. I could not utter a single word.
(8) Everyone should he honest. Our country expects it.
(9) Some more meetings will be held. I shall attend them.
(10) We were utterly exhausted. We fainted on the ground.
(11) He wrote for five hours. Then he took some rest.
(12) They went by bus. At last, they could reach the station.

Unsolved Exercises of joining into a simple sentence

(13) The boy stood on the deck for hours. He did not move. He did not speak.
(14) He gave up his claim. He won everybody’s respect.
(15) I have just retired. I served for 30 years.
(16) They were tired of the long journey. They went to a nearby hotel for rest.
(17) We were utterly exhausted. We fainted on the ground.
(18) The Prime Minister addressed the meeting. He asked for everybody’s cooperation.
(19) The hunter feared the tiger. So he climbed up a tree.
(20) The knight was travelling slowly over the desert. He suddenly turned round. He heard his companion’s voice. His companion was crying for help.
(21) We were tired of the long bus journey. We went to the hotel for rest.
(22) They were utterly exhausted. They fainted on the ground.
(23) We found the place most uncongenial. We refused to stay for another day.
(24) She is very ill. She cannot bear the strain of a long journey.
(25) I was overwhelmed with joy. I could not utter a single word.

Answers

Worksheet Solved

(1) Shouting through the belfry-tower, the wind asked the tower to ring its bell.
(2) Rushing to a chanticleer, the wind urged him to crow.
(3) The boy’s mouth opened in the other long pause.
(4) This thought having occurred to him, he had it proclaimed throughout his kingdom.
(5) She bent down enough to permit him to stop to pick up her purse.
(6) Being tired (Tired) of the long journey, they went to a nearby hotel for rest.
(7) I was too overwhelmed with joy to utter a single word.
(8) Our country expects everyone to be honest.
(9) I have more meetings to attend (that will be held).
(10) Utterly exhausted, we fainted on the ground.
(11) After writing for five hours, he took some rest.
(12) They could reach the station at last by going there by bus.

Unsolved Exercises Solved

(13) The boy stood on the deck for hours without moving or speaking
(14) He won everybody’s respect by giving up his claim.
(15) After serving for thirty years, I have just retired.
(16) Being tired (Tired) of the long journey, they went to a nearby hotel for rest.
(17) Utterly exhausted, we fainted on the ground.
(18) The Prime Minister addressed the meeting asking for everybody’s cooperation.
(19) Fearing the tiger, the hunter climbed up a tree.
(20) Travelling slowly over the desert, the knight suddenly turned round on hearing the voice of his companion crying for help.
(21)Tired (=Being tired) of the long bus journey we went to the hotel for rest.
(22) Utterly exhausted they fainted on the ground.
(23) Finding the place most uncongenial, we refused to stay for another day.
(24) She is too ill to bear the strain of a long journey.
(25) I was too overwhelmed with joy to utter a single word.